Essential Oils Modulate Gene Expression and Ochratoxin A Production in Aspergillus carbonarius
Identifieur interne : 000232 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000231; suivant : 000233Essential Oils Modulate Gene Expression and Ochratoxin A Production in Aspergillus carbonarius
Auteurs : Rachelle El Khoury ; Ali Atoui ; Carol Verheecke ; Richard Maroun ; Andre El Khoury ; Florence MathieuSource :
- Toxins [ 2072-6651 ] ; 2016.
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin, mainly produced on grapes by
Url:
DOI: 10.3390/toxins8080242
PubMed: 27548221
PubMed Central: 4999858
Affiliations:
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Le document en format XML
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<author><name sortKey="El Khoury, Rachelle" sort="El Khoury, Rachelle" uniqKey="El Khoury R" first="Rachelle" last="El Khoury">Rachelle El Khoury</name>
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<author><name sortKey="Maroun, Richard" sort="Maroun, Richard" uniqKey="Maroun R" first="Richard" last="Maroun">Richard Maroun</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-toxins-08-00242">Laboratoire de Mycologie et Sécurité Alimentaire (LMSA), Centre d’analyse et de Recherche (CAR), Campus des Sciences et Technologie, Université Saint-Joseph, Mkalles-Beyrouth 1107-2050, Lebanon;<email>rachelle.khouryel@net.usj.edu.lb</email>
(R.E.K.);<email>richard.maroun@usj.edu.lb</email>
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<author><name sortKey="El Khoury, Andre" sort="El Khoury, Andre" uniqKey="El Khoury A" first="Andre" last="El Khoury">Andre El Khoury</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-toxins-08-00242">Laboratoire de Mycologie et Sécurité Alimentaire (LMSA), Centre d’analyse et de Recherche (CAR), Campus des Sciences et Technologie, Université Saint-Joseph, Mkalles-Beyrouth 1107-2050, Lebanon;<email>rachelle.khouryel@net.usj.edu.lb</email>
(R.E.K.);<email>richard.maroun@usj.edu.lb</email>
(R.M.);<email>andre.khoury@usj.edu.lb</email>
(A.E.K.)</nlm:aff>
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<author><name sortKey="Mathieu, Florence" sort="Mathieu, Florence" uniqKey="Mathieu F" first="Florence" last="Mathieu">Florence Mathieu</name>
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<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Essential Oils Modulate Gene Expression and Ochratoxin A Production in <italic>Aspergillus carbonarius</italic>
</title>
<author><name sortKey="El Khoury, Rachelle" sort="El Khoury, Rachelle" uniqKey="El Khoury R" first="Rachelle" last="El Khoury">Rachelle El Khoury</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-toxins-08-00242">Laboratoire de Mycologie et Sécurité Alimentaire (LMSA), Centre d’analyse et de Recherche (CAR), Campus des Sciences et Technologie, Université Saint-Joseph, Mkalles-Beyrouth 1107-2050, Lebanon;<email>rachelle.khouryel@net.usj.edu.lb</email>
(R.E.K.);<email>richard.maroun@usj.edu.lb</email>
(R.M.);<email>andre.khoury@usj.edu.lb</email>
(A.E.K.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
<affiliation><nlm:aff>NONE</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Atoui, Ali" sort="Atoui, Ali" uniqKey="Atoui A" first="Ali" last="Atoui">Ali Atoui</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff>NONE</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="Verheecke, Carol" sort="Verheecke, Carol" uniqKey="Verheecke C" first="Carol" last="Verheecke">Carol Verheecke</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff>NONE</nlm:aff>
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<author><name sortKey="Maroun, Richard" sort="Maroun, Richard" uniqKey="Maroun R" first="Richard" last="Maroun">Richard Maroun</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-toxins-08-00242">Laboratoire de Mycologie et Sécurité Alimentaire (LMSA), Centre d’analyse et de Recherche (CAR), Campus des Sciences et Technologie, Université Saint-Joseph, Mkalles-Beyrouth 1107-2050, Lebanon;<email>rachelle.khouryel@net.usj.edu.lb</email>
(R.E.K.);<email>richard.maroun@usj.edu.lb</email>
(R.M.);<email>andre.khoury@usj.edu.lb</email>
(A.E.K.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
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<author><name sortKey="El Khoury, Andre" sort="El Khoury, Andre" uniqKey="El Khoury A" first="Andre" last="El Khoury">Andre El Khoury</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff id="af1-toxins-08-00242">Laboratoire de Mycologie et Sécurité Alimentaire (LMSA), Centre d’analyse et de Recherche (CAR), Campus des Sciences et Technologie, Université Saint-Joseph, Mkalles-Beyrouth 1107-2050, Lebanon;<email>rachelle.khouryel@net.usj.edu.lb</email>
(R.E.K.);<email>richard.maroun@usj.edu.lb</email>
(R.M.);<email>andre.khoury@usj.edu.lb</email>
(A.E.K.)</nlm:aff>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mathieu, Florence" sort="Mathieu, Florence" uniqKey="Mathieu F" first="Florence" last="Mathieu">Florence Mathieu</name>
<affiliation><nlm:aff>NONE</nlm:aff>
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<series><title level="j">Toxins</title>
<idno type="eISSN">2072-6651</idno>
<imprint><date when="2016">2016</date>
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin, mainly produced on grapes by <italic>Aspergillus carbonarius</italic>
, that causes massive health problems for humans. This study aims to reduce the occurrence of OTA by using the ten following essential oils (E.Os): fennel, cardamom, anise, chamomile, celery, cinnamon, thyme, taramira, oregano and rosemary at 1 µL/mL and 5 µL/mL for each E.O.As a matter of fact, their effects on the OTA production and the growth of <italic>A. carbonarius</italic>
S402 cultures were evaluated, after four days at 28 °C on a Synthetic Grape Medium (SGM). Results showed that <italic>A. carbonarius</italic>
growth was reduced up to 100%, when cultured with the E.Os of cinnamon, taramira, and oregano at both concentrations and the thyme at 5 µL/mL. As for the other six E.Os, their effect on <italic>A. carbonarius</italic>
growth was insignificant, but highly important on the OTA production. Interestingly, the fennel E.O at 5 µL/mL reduced the OTA production up to 88.9% compared to the control, with only 13.8% of fungal growth reduction. We further investigated the effect of these E.Os on the expression levels of the genes responsible for the OTA biosynthesis (<italic>acOTApks</italic>
and <italic>acOTAnrps</italic>
along with the <italic>acpks</italic>
gene) as well as the two regulatory genes <italic>laeA</italic>
and <italic>vea</italic>
, using the quantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) method. The results revealed that these six E.Os reduced the expression of the five studied genes, where the <italic>ackps</italic>
was downregulated by 99.2% (the highest downregulation in this study) with 5 µL/mL of fennel E.O.As for the <italic>acOTApks</italic>
, <italic>acOTAnrps</italic>
, <italic>veA</italic>
and <italic>laeA</italic>
, their reduction levels ranged between 10% and 96% depending on the nature of the E.O and its concentration in the medium.</p>
</div>
</front>
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<tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Atoui, Ali" sort="Atoui, Ali" uniqKey="Atoui A" first="Ali" last="Atoui">Ali Atoui</name>
<name sortKey="El Khoury, Andre" sort="El Khoury, Andre" uniqKey="El Khoury A" first="Andre" last="El Khoury">Andre El Khoury</name>
<name sortKey="El Khoury, Rachelle" sort="El Khoury, Rachelle" uniqKey="El Khoury R" first="Rachelle" last="El Khoury">Rachelle El Khoury</name>
<name sortKey="Maroun, Richard" sort="Maroun, Richard" uniqKey="Maroun R" first="Richard" last="Maroun">Richard Maroun</name>
<name sortKey="Mathieu, Florence" sort="Mathieu, Florence" uniqKey="Mathieu F" first="Florence" last="Mathieu">Florence Mathieu</name>
<name sortKey="Verheecke, Carol" sort="Verheecke, Carol" uniqKey="Verheecke C" first="Carol" last="Verheecke">Carol Verheecke</name>
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